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Three Arguments Based

Statement - Arguments - Concepts

Two Arguments Based

Three Arguments Based

Class - IBPS RRB Prelims Subjects

Concept Explanation

Three Arguments Based

Introduction : An argument is a statement meant to convince another person about your point of view. In these types of questions, your personal biases and opinions or any prior knowledge about the subject matter should never be considered. Here, you are given a statement followed by a set of arguments related to that statement. These arguments may support or contradict the statement. You are expected to assess whether each argument is strong or weak.

Concept of Strong and Weak Arguments : -

Strong Argument An argument is a strong one, if it is directly related to the given statement and the reason given in the argument addresses all the points put forward in the given statement.

Weak Argument An argument is a weak one, if it is not directly related to the given statement and it does not address all the points put forward in the given statement.

Points to keep in mind while solving and practicing these questions.

While you make a decision about the important questions, it is desirable to be able to differentiate between ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ arguments so far as they relate to the questions.

For ‘weak’ arguments, the most important thing to note is that they may or may not be directly related to the question and may be of minor importance.

Then based on the question, you have to determine which argument is strong and which one is weak.

Points taken into consideration while choosing a strong or a weak argument.

Strong Arguments are :

supported by established fact/experiences/logic/ prevailing notions of truth.

correct.

desirable (or harmful in case of negative argument).

properly related with the statement.

Weak Arguments are

ambiguous or confusing arguments.

too simple to be arguments.

goes against established facts.

does not get support from past experiences.

does not get support from logic and common sense.

assumption based arguments.

goes against prevailing notions of truth.

Three Arguments Based : Here, we are given three arguments and we have to study them, find which is/are true ?

Direction : The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three arguments numbered I, II and III. you have to decide which of the arguments is/are 'strong' argument (s) and which is/are 'weak' argument (s) and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below the question ?

Question :

Statement : Should all the students graduating in any disciplines desirous of pursuing post-graduation in the subjects of their choice be allowed to enroll themselves in the post-graduate courses?

Arguments :

I. Yes, the students are the best judge of their capabilities and they should not be restricted from joining post-graduation courses.

II. No, the students need to study relevant subjects in graduate courses to enroll in post-graduate courses and the students must fulfil such conditions.

III. No, there are not enough institutes offering post-graduate courses which can accommodate all the graduates desirous of seeking post-graduation education of their own choice.

(a) I and III are strong (b) Only I is strong (c) Only II is strong (d) None is strong

Solution (c) : The students cannot be enrolled in the courses just on the basis of their interests but their compatibility with the same also matters. So, Argument I does not hold. Besides, lack of institutions is no criteria to deny post-graduate Courses to students. Hence, Argument IIl does not hold. But Argument II holds as it is a genuine reason,

Sample Questions

(More Questions for each concept available in Login)

Question : 1

Directions : Question given below consists of a statement, followed by three or four arguments numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to decided which of the arguments is/are 'strong' argument (s) and which is / are 'weak' argument (s) and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below the question. Statement : Should religion be taught in our schools ? Arguments : I. No. Ours is a secular state. II. Yes. Teaching religion helps inculcate moral values among children. III. No. How can one dream of such a step when we want the young generation to fulfill its role in the 21st century.
A. Only I is strong	B. None are Strong	C. Only I and III are strong	D. Only II is strong
Right Option : D
View Explanation

Explanation

In the above question, the following arguments are given

I. No. Ours is a secular state.

II. Yes. Teaching religion helps inculcate moral values among children.

III. No. How can one dream of such a step when we want the young generation to fulfill its role in the 21st century.

Religion in India is characterized by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices. The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world's major religions : namely Hinduism,Buddhism,Jainism, and Sikhism. Religious diversity and religious tolerance are established by the law; the Constitution of India defines freedom of religion a fundamental right and holds India to be a secular state.

Secularism is defined as a basic structure doctrine of the constitution that cannot be removed or amended by any means.

The particular provisions regarding secularism and freedom of religion in India in the constitution are:

1.) "(Article 14)": grants equality before the law and equal protection of the laws to all.
2.) "(Article 15)": enlarges the concept of secularism to the widest possible extent by prohibiting discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
3.) "(Article 25)": Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of any religion.
4.) "(Article 26)": Freedom to manage religious affairs.
5.) "(Article 27)": Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
6.) "(Article 28)": Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.
7.) "(Article 29)" and "(Article 30)": provides cultural and educational rights to the minorities.
8.) "(Article 51A)": i.e. Fundamental Duties obliges all the citizens to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood and to value and preserve the heritage of the country's composite diverse culture.

Ours is a secular state does not mean that religion and religious values should be eradicated. In fact, these inculcate moral values. So, argument I is vague while argument II is strong. Also, teaching religion can in no way hinder the students' capability to face the challenges of the 21st century.

Hence the correct option is D

Question : 2

Directions : The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three or four arguments numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to decided which of the arguments is / are 'strong' argument (s) and which is / are 'weak' argument (s) and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question. Statement : Should India immediately stop digging coal from its mines ? Arguments : I. Yes. The present stock of coal will not last long if we continue mining at the present rate. II. No. We do not have alternate energy source of sufficient quantity. III. No. This will put millions of people at a disadvantage and their lives will get adversely affected and also the industry.
A. Only I and II are strong		B. Only II and III are strong
C. Only I and III are strong		D. All are strong
Right Option : B
View Explanation

Question : 3

Directions : Question given below consists of a statement, followed by three or four arguments numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to decided which of the arguments is/are 'strong' argument (s) and which is / are 'weak' argument (s) and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below the question. Statement : Should coal engines be replaced by electric in trains ? Arguments : I. Yes. Coal engines cause a lot of pollution. II. Yes. Electric engines are good on performance, easy to operate and low on maintenance. III. No. India does not produce enough electricity to fulfill its domestic needs also.
A. All are strong		B. Only I and II are strong
C. Only II and III are strong		D. Only I and III are strong
Right Option : B
View Explanation

Explanation

In the above question, the following arguments are given

I. Yes. Coal engines cause a lot of pollution.

II. Yes. Electric engines are good on performance, easy to operate and low on maintenance.

III. No. India does not produce enough electricity to fulfill its domestic needs also.

In the early twentieth century, Americans had to choose a motive power technology when comparison-shopping for new cars. Consumers who were eager to give up horses, walking, or trains as a mode of transportation could choose from many makes of cars. Each make came pre-equipped with a steam engine, an internal-combustion engine that burned gasoline, or electric motors with rechargeable batteries. These three power systems were competitive at first, and it was not clear that any one type would dominate the rapidly growing market.

Energy choices that consumers and manufacturers made between 1900 and 1920 had far-reaching consequences for communities, the environment, and the ways Americans organize their everyday activities. An overwhelming preference for gasoline engines because of their extended range (miles per refueling), flexibility, and superior power-to-weight ratio put more pollutants in the air and eventually required tough measures to reduce emissions. Choosing gasoline-powered cars also accelerated the use of land mass for highways, parking, and development.

A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be transformed, by a connecting rod and crank, into rotational force for work.

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft.

Clearly, electric engines shall be smoke - free and thus not cause pollution as the coal engines. They also run at higher speeds and perform better. thus, both I and II hold strong. Argument III does not provide a convincing reason and hence not hold strong.

Hence the correct option is B.

Chapters

Syllogism And Deductions

Statement - Arguments

Statement - Assumptions

Decision Making

Statement - Conclusions

Statement - Courses of Action

Passage Based Conclusions

Situation Reaction Test

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SBI Clerical Prelims Test Series

SBI SO General Aptitude Test Series

Bank PO Prelims Test Series

Bank Clerical Prelims Test Series

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Bank SO Prelims Test Series

Quantitative Aptitude Test Series

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Verbal Ability Test Series

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Three Arguments Based

Three Arguments Based

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